Physical-chemical stability test on spray gel with active compound ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) and menthol, using combination gelling agent na cmc and copovidone
Abstract
The largest component in galangal rhizome (Kaempferia galanga Linn) is ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMS), which amounts to 80.05%. Significant anti-inflammatory activity is exhibited by EPMS from galangal rhizome through the inhibition of carrageenan-induced mouse edema and the inhibition of IL-6 production. Various useful activities are attributed to EPMS, especially as a wound healer due to its anti-inflammatory activity. The choice of spray was made because it meets the characteristics of anti-inflammatory preparations in the wound healing process. The preparation must be moist, easily adjusted to the shape of the wound (flexible), sterile, and evenly distributed, covering the tissue, and can be easily removed from the tissue, including the wound (Holland et al., 2002). A spray gel dosage form was formulated with varying concentrations of the gelling agent Na CMC, F1 (0.5%), F2 (1.0%), and F3 (1.5%). Physical stability was evaluated at room temperature storage on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Organoleptics, homogeneity, viscosity, pH, spray pattern, adhesive spreadability, centrifugation test, and cycling test were evaluated. Chemical stability evaluation was carried out using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to assess the EPMS levels in the preparation. The results of the physical evaluation showed that all formulas were stable in terms of organoleptics, homogeneity, and pH, which was in the range of 6.6–7.1; the weight per spray was uniform and relatively stable in centrifugation and cycling tests. The use of a combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and copovidone can produce a spray gel preparation of a good aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga Linn) crystal with a 1%.
References
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[2]. E. Anwar, D. Ramadon, and Harmita, "Formulation and evaluation of gel and emulgel of chili extract (Capsicum frutescens L.) as topical dosage forms," Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., vol. 6, no. SUPPL. 3, pp. 13–16, 2014.
[3]. J. V. Aponno, P. V. Y. Yamlean, and H. S. Supriati, "Uji efektivitas sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava Linn) terhadap penyembuhan luka yang terinfeksi bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada kelinci (Orytolagus cuniculus)," Pharmacon J. Ilm. Farmasi, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 2302–2493, Aug. 2014.
[4]. M. Arief, Farmasetika,Jogjakarta: UGM Press, 2012.
[5]. N. Aroonrerk and N. Kamkeen, "Anti-inflammatory activity of Quercus infectoria, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Kaempferia galanga, and Coptis chinensis, the main components of Thai herbal remedies for aphthous ulcer," J. Health Res., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 17–22, 2009.
[6]. R. Aryani, "Formulasi dan uji stabilitas krim kombinasi alfa tokoferol asetat dan etil vitamin C sebagai pelembab," J. Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada, vol. 14, no. 1, 2015.
[7]. A. Buang, "Formulasi krim masker wajah menggunakan lapisan putih kulit semangka (Citrullus vulgaris Schard) sebagai pelembab," Media Farmasi, vol. 91, no. 18, 2013.
[8]. M. Celeber and S. Altnoz, "Determination of olmesartan medoxomil in tablets by UV-Vis spectrophotometry," Pharmazie, vol. 62, pp. 419–422, 2007.
[9]. H. Cheng et al., "Sprayable hydrogel dressing accelerates wound healing with combined reactive oxygen species-scavenging and antibacterial abilities," Acta Biomater., vol. 124, pp. 219–232, 2021.
[10]. P. D., I. Diana, and D. Indriati, "Formulasi dan uji anti bakteri sediaan gel ekstrak daun mangga arumanis (Mangifera indica L.) sebagai anti bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Propionibacterium acnes," Fitofarmaka: J. Ilm. Farmasi, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 84–96, 2020.
[11]. N. U. Dewi, "Formulasi dan uji stabilitas fisik sediaan spray gel antibakteri ekstrak etanol 70% herba kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.)," Jakarta: Jurusan Farmasi Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, 2016.
[12]. Depkes RI, Farmakope Indonesia Edisi IV. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1995.
[13]. Ditjen POM, Materia Medika Indonesia, Jilid VI. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 1995.
[14]. Ditjen POM, "Parameter standar umum ekstrak tumbuhan obat," Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2000.
[15]. J. Djajadisastra, Cosmetic Stability. Depok: Seminar Hari HIKI, Departemen Farmasi Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2004.
[16]. A. Hasanah, F. Nazaruddin, E. Febrina, and A. Zuhrotun, "Analisis kandungan minyak atsiri dan uji aktivitas antiinflamasi ekstrak rimpang kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.)," J. Matematika & Sains, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 147–152, Dec. 2021.
[17]. Harmita, Analisis Fisikokimia: Kromatografi. Jakarta: EGC, 2014.
[18]. T. Holland et al., "Spray hydrogel wound dressing," US Patent Application Publication, 2002.
[19]. Kamishita et al., "Spray gel base and spray gel preparation using theorof," Geothermics, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 595–599, 1992.
[20]. K. Nisak, "Uji stabilitas fisik dan kimia sediaan gel semprot ekstrak etanol tumbuhan paku (Nephrolepis falcata (Cav.) C. Chr.)," UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2016.
[21]. S. E. Kuncari, Iskandarsyah, and Pratiwi, "Evaluasi, uji stabilitas fisik dan sineresis sediaan gel yang mengandung monoksidil, apigenin dan perasan herba seledri (Apium graveolens L.)," Puslit Biologi LIPI, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 213–222, 2014.
[22]. V. Lisdawati, S. Wiryowidagdo, and L. B. S. Kardono, "Brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) dari berbagai fraksi ekstrak daging buah dan kulit biji mahkota dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa)," Indonesian Bull. Health Res., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 65–120, 2006.
[23]. A. Lukman, E. Susanti, and D. R. Oktaviana, "Formulasi gel minyak kulit kayu manis (Cinnamomum burmannii Bl) sebagai sediaan antinyamuk," J. Penelitian Farmasi Indonesia, 2012.
[24]. T. Mappa, H. E. Jaya, and N. Kojong, "Formulasi gel ekstrak daun sasaladahan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) H.B.K) dan uji evektifitasnya terhadap luka bakar pada kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus)," J. Ilm. Farmasi Pharmacon, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 49–55, 2013.
[25]. A. M. Mumtihanah, "Evaluasi stabilitas fisik dan profil difusi sediaan gel minyak zaitun," J. Fitofarmaka Indonesia, vol. 4, no. 1, 2015.
[26]. A. M. Mursyid, "Evaluasi stabilitas fisik dan profil difusi sediaan gel (minyak zaitun)," J. Fitofarmaka Indonesia, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 205–211, 2017.
[27]. K. Nisak, "Uji stabilitas fisik dan kimia sediaan gel semprot ekstrak etanol tumbuhan paku (Nephrolepis falcata (Cav.) C. Chr.)," UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2016.
[28]. A. J. Y. Ngudi, "Desain dan konstruksi grid patternator untuk pengujian kinerja penyemprotan sprayer," Skripsi, Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, 2014.
[29]. C. A. Prabawati, "Evaluasi daya penetrasi etil p-metoksisinamat hasil isolat dari rimpang kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.) pada sediaan salep, krim dan gel," Skripsi, Program Studi Farmasi, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2015.
[30]. N. A. Rajab, "Preparation and evaluation of ketoprofen as dermal spray film," Kerbala J. Pharm. Sci., vol. 6, pp. 10–16, 2013.
[31]. R. N. Andriani, "Formulasi dan uji stabilitas fisik sediaan krim anti-inflamasi ekstrak etanol 70% herba kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.)," UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2016.
[32]. S. Reddy and T. P. Dillon, "Gas Chromatography / Analysis of Fragrance Allergens in Shower Gel Using GC / MS / MS with Full Spectrum Information," PerkinElmer, pp. 1–4, 2015.
[33]. K. Robbani, "Uji Stabilitas Kimia Etil p-Metoksisinamat dari Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga Linn) dalam Sediaan Setengah Padat," UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2015.
[34]. J. Rohmah, T. Taufikurohmah, and H. Poerwono, "Optimasi Suhu Sintesis Isoamil p-Metoksisinamat Melalui Reaksi Transesterifikasi dari Etil p-Metoksisinamat Hasil Isolasi Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga L.)," Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kimia Unesa, 2009.
[35]. R. C. Rowe, P. J. Sheskey, and M. E. Quinn, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Science, 6th ed. New York: Pharmaceutical Press, 2009.
[36]. S. Suyudi, "Formulasi Gel Semprot Menggunakan Kombinasi Karbopol 940 dan Hidroksipropil Metilselulosa (HPMC) sebagai Pembentuk Gel," UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2015.
[37]. U. Shafira, A. Gadri, and L. Fetri, "Formulasi Sediaan Spray Gel Serbuk Getah Tanaman Jarak Cina (Jatropha Multifida Linn.) dengan Variasi Jenis Polimer Pembentuk Film dan Jenis Plasticizer,". J. Indonesian of Chemical Studies, pp. 562–567, 2015.
[38]. A. T. Sheilayanti, "Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sifat Fisik Gel Semprot Metronidazole Menggunakan Kombinasi Natrium Karboksimetil Selulosa dan Copovidone Sebagai Pembalut Luka," Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2015.
[39]. E. Sri Kuncari and Praptiwi, "Evaluasi, Uji Stabilitas Fisik dan Sineresis Sediaan Gel yang Mengandung Minoksidil, Apigenin dan Perasan Herba Seledri (Apium graveolens L.)," Bul. Penelit. Kesehat., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 213–222, 2014.
[40]. M. A. Sukari et al., "Chemical Constituents Variations of Essential Oils from Rhizomes of Four Zingiberaceae Species," The Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 638–644, 2008.
[41]. M. R. Sulaiman et al., "Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Aqueous Extract of Kaempferia galanga Leaves in Animal Models," Journal of Natural Medicines, vol. 62, pp. 221–227, 2008.
[42]. Sumardi, Tinjauan Umum Validasi Metode Analisis, LIPI, Bandung: Pusat Penelitian Kimia, 2005.
[43]. V. T. Shanbag, C. Sharma, S. Adiga, L. B. Kurady, S. Shenoy, and G. Shenoy, "Wound Healing Activity of Alcoholic Extract of Kaempferia galanga in Wistar Rats," Indian J. Physiol. Pharmacol., vol. 50, no. 4, pp. 384–390, 2006.
[44]. T. Taufikurohmah, T. Rusmini, and Nurhayati, "Pemilihan Pelarut Optimasi Suhu pada Isolasi Senyawa Etil Para Metoksi Sinamat (EPMS) dari Rimpang Kencur Sebagai Bahan Tabir Surya pada Industri Kosmetik," Universitas Negeri Malang, 2008.
[45]. S. Tewtrakul, S. Yuenyongsawad, S. Kumee, and L. Atsawajaruwan, "Chemical Components and Biological Activities of Volatile Oil of Kaempferia galanga Linn.," Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 503–507, 2005.
[46]. M. I. Umar et al., "Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Ethyl-p-Methoxycinnamate, an Anti-Inflammatory Constituent, from Kaempferia galanga L. Extracts," Molecules, vol. 17, pp. 8720–8734, 2012.
[47]. L. A. Wardani, "Validasi Metode Analisis dan Penentuan Kadar Vitamin C pada Minuman Buah Kemasan dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Visibel," FMIPA, Depok, 2012.
[48]. S. Wardiyah, "Perbandingan Sifat Fisik Sediaan Krim, Gel, dan Salep yang Mengandung Etil p-Metoksisinamat dari Ekstrak Rimpang Kencur (Kaempferia galanga Linn.)," UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2016.
[49]. Wijayanto and Azis, "Pengaruh Naungan Sengon (Falcataria moluccana L.) dan Pemupukan terhadap Pertumbuhan Ganyong Putih (Canna edulis Ker.)," Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 62–68, 2013.
[50]. N. A. J. Yuwana, "Desain dan Konstruksi Grid Patternator untuk Pengujian Kinerja Penyemprotan Sprayer," Skripsi, 2014.
[51]. M. Yuwono and G. Indrayanto, "Validation of Chromatographic Methods of Analysis," Profiles Drug Subst. Excipients Relat. Methodol., vol. 32, pp. 241–260, 2005.
Published
2024-10-31
How to Cite
SURYANI, Nelly et al.
Physical-chemical stability test on spray gel with active compound ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (Kaempferia galanga Linn.) and menthol, using combination gelling agent na cmc and copovidone.
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA, [S.l.], v. 22, n. 2, p. 307-321, oct. 2024.
ISSN 2614-6495.
Available at: <http://jifi.farmasi.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/jifi/article/view/1626>. Date accessed: 05 jan. 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v22i2.1626.
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