Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-a exposure

  • Ketut Agus Adrianta Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ida Ayu Dwi Putri Mas Tiari Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ni Putu Kania Mardiyanti Putri Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ni Luh Setia Marliani Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ni Made Elma Agustini Sari Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Julia Eva Malelak Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar Bali

Abstract

Indonesia's intense sunlight, especially UVA exposure, can skin hyperpigmentation like
melasma. This study evaluated jackfruit leaf serum (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) for reducing dark
spots in a UVA-induced melasma guinea pig model. Methods included preparing crude extracts, purifying
jackfruit leaves, and formulating serums (4% and 5% concentrations). Physical quality tests covered
organoleptic evaluation, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity. Anti-hyperpigmentation
efficacy was assessed with Masson Fontana staining on UVA-exposed guinea pigs over 14 days. Results
showed mean values of 17.97±1.68 (negative control), 1.17±0.28 (positive control), 3.56±2.77 (4% serum),
and 2.56±1.25 (5% serum). Fibroblast and epidermal hyperplasia were reduced, with means of 44.84 µm
and 42.67 cells (4% serum), and 72.66 µm and 54.67 cells (5% serum). Jackfruit leaf serum, rich in
flavonoids, effectively treated melasma dark spots with minimal side effects. Conclusion, Artocarpus
heterophyllus Lamk. serum proves effective against hyperpigmentation.

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Published
2025-04-30
How to Cite
ADRIANTA, Ketut Agus et al. Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-a exposure. JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA, [S.l.], v. 23, n. 1, p. 113-123, apr. 2025. ISSN 2614-6495. Available at: <http://jifi.farmasi.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/jifi/article/view/1639>. Date accessed: 04 may 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v23i1.1639.