Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-A exposure
Abstract
Indonesia's intense sunlight, especially UVA exposure, can skin hyperpigmentation like
melasma. This study evaluated jackfruit leaf serum (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) for reducing dark
spots in a UVA-induced melasma guinea pig model. Methods included preparing crude extracts, purifying
jackfruit leaves, and formulating serums (4% and 5% concentrations). Physical quality tests covered
organoleptic evaluation, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity. Anti-hyperpigmentation
efficacy was assessed with Masson Fontana staining on UVA-exposed guinea pigs over 14 days. Results
showed mean values of 17.97±1.68 (negative control), 1.17±0.28 (positive control), 3.56±2.77 (4% serum),
and 2.56±1.25 (5% serum). Fibroblast and epidermal hyperplasia were reduced, with means of 44.84 µm
and 42.67 cells (4% serum), and 72.66 µm and 54.67 cells (5% serum). Jackfruit leaf serum, rich in
flavonoids, effectively treated melasma dark spots with minimal side effects. Conclusion, Artocarpus
heterophyllus Lamk. serum proves effective against hyperpigmentation.
References
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BAHAYA Machine Translated by Google,” vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 63–68, 2020.
[2] I. O. Putranti and Y. Sistina, “Tinjauan Pustaka: Fotobiologi Ultraviolet Pada Jaringan Kulit,” Mandala Heal., vol. 16, no. 1, p. 33, 2023, doi: 10.20884/1.mandala.2023.16.1.8379.
[3] P. Minerva, “Penggunaan Tabir Surya Bagi Kesehatan Kulit,” J. Pendidik. Dan Kel., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 87, 2019, doi: 10.24036/jpk/vol11-iss1/619.
[4] I. G. N. A. Asbita, I. G. A. A. E. Indira, K. K. Winaya, L. M. M. Rusyati, N. Suryawati, and N. M. D. Puspawati, “Kadar 4-hidroksinonenal pada melasma lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kontrol dan berkorelasi positif dengan tingkat keparahan melasma,” Intisari Sains Medis, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 339–345, 2023, doi: 10.15562/ism.v14i1.1622.
[5] N. M. A. Purwaningrum, S. A. A. Suryantari, and N. L. P. R. V. Karna, “Efektivitas Terapi Sistemik Dan Topikal
Dalam Pengobatan Melasma,” Gema Kesehat., vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 88–98, 2020, doi: 10.47539/gk.v12i2.136.
[6] M. Oktaviana and S. W. Yenny, “Perkembangan Penggunaan Kosmeseutikal Herbal Pada Terapi Melasma,” J. Kesehat. Andalas, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 717, 2019, doi: 10.25077/jka.v8i3.1061.
[7] K. A. Adrianta and I. M. A. Sunadi Putra, “Utilization of Artocarpus heterophylla Lamk. As UV Protector In mice exposed to UV-B,” Maj. Obat Tradis., vol. 23, no. 3, p. 112, 2018, doi: 10.22146/mot.37407.
[8] H. Hidayah, A. H. Kusumawati, S. Sahevtiyani, and S. Amal, “Literature Review Article: Aktivitas Antioksidan Formulasi Serum Wajah Dari Berbagai Tanaman,” J. Pharmacopolium, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 75–80, 2021, doi: 10.36465/jop.v4i2.739.
[9] H. Abadi, V. E. Vivi Eulis Diana, J. Tarigan, T. N. Khairani, and T. Sundari, “Efektivitas Anti Jerawat Sediaan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Daun Nangka (Artocarpus Heterophyllus Lam.) Terhadap Propionibacterium Acnes.,” J. Ilm. Manuntung, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 66–72, 2021.
[10] B. H. Al Huda, H. Susanti, and N. Sugihartini, “The Purification effect on Organoleptic Profile, Yield, Total Phenol and Total Flavonoids from 96% Ethanol Extract of Moringa (Moringa oleifera. L) leaves.,” J. Farm. Indones., vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 188–198, 2020, doi: 10.31001/jfi.v17i2.983.
[11] M. Angelina, P. Amelia, M. Irsyad, L. Meilawati, and M. Hanafi, “Karakterisasi Ekstrak Etanol Herba
Katumpangan Air (Peperomia pellucida L . Kunth),” Biopropal Ind., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 53–61, 2015.
[12] A. Y. Kurniawati, “Karakteristik Sediaan Serum Wajah dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Sari Rimpang Temu Giring (Curcuma heyneana) Terfermentasi Lactobacillus bulgaricus,” Akad. Farm. Putra Indones. Malang, p. Akad. Farm. Putra Indones. Malang, 2018.
[13] D. Simorangkir and N. Irmayanti, “FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN SERUM WAJAH EKSTRAK ETANOL KOMBINASI DARI EKSTRAK KULIT JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantiifolia) DAN EKSTRAK KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus),” J. Penelit. Farm. Herb., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 40–53, 2024, doi: 10.36656/jpfh.v6i2.1707.
[14] R. Handayani and N. Qa,ariah, “Formulasi Sediaan Serum Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Hati Tanah,” J. Farmasetis, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 227–236, 2023, doi: 10.32583/far.v12i2.1219.
[15] N. Fitria and A. Padua Ratu, “KARAKTERISTIK DAN STABILITAS SEDIAAN SERUM EKSTRAK BUAH KERSEN (Muntingia calabura L.) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI,” J. Farmamedika (Pharmamedica Journal), vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 17–27, 2022, doi: 10.47219/ath.v7i1.140.
[16] H. Mawardika, D. Wahyuni, and S. Ma’rifatul Khasanah, “Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) terhadap Bakteri Salmonella typhi Antibacterial Potency of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) Leaf Extract (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) Against Salmonella typhi,” J. Farm. Indones., vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 195–204, 2023, [Online]. Available: http://journals.ums.ac.id/index.php/pharmacon
[17] R. O. Umboro, D. E. B. S, and N. K. W. Yanti, “UJI EFEKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDANT (IC50) DAN TOKSISITAS AKUT (LD50) FRAKSI ETANOL DAUN NANGKA (Artocarpus Heterophyllus Lam.),” JUPE J. Pendidik. Mandala, vol. 5, no. 6, 2020, doi: 10.58258/jupe.v5i6.2349.
[18] N. I. E. Jayani and H. O. Handojo, “STANDARISASI SIMPLISIA DAUN TEMPUYUNG (SONCHI FOLIUM) HASIL BUDIDAYA di UBAYA TRAINING CENTER TRAWAS MOJOKERTO,” J. Pharm. Sci. Technol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 68–79, 2021, doi: 10.30649/pst.v1i1.59.
[19] N. Pratiwi, T. P. Rahayu, and N. Z. W. Kiromah, “UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK AKUADES DAUN NANGKA (Artocarpus heterophyllus L.) SEBAGAI ANALGETIK PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus) YANG DIINDUKSI ASAM ASETAT,” Prosiding, vol. 14, pp. 899–909, 2021.
[20] N. Hasanah and D. R. Novian, “Analisis Ekstrak Etanol Buah Labu Kuning (Cucurbita Moschata D.),”
Parapemikir J. Ilm. Farm., vol. 9, no. 1, p. 54, 2020, doi: 10.30591/pjif.v9i1.1758.
[21] I. Indarto, W. Narulita, B. S. Anggoro, and A. Novitasari, “Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Binahong Terhadap Propionibacterium Acnes,” Biosf. J. Tadris Biol., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 67–78, 2019, doi: 10.24042/biosfer.v10i1.4102.
[22] Z. Khaira, E. Monica, and C. D. Yoedistira, “FORMULASI DAN UJI MUTU FISIK SEDIAAN SERUM MIKROEMULSI EKSTRAK BIJI MELINJO Gnteum gnemon L,” Sainsbertek J. Ilm. Sains Teknol., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 299–309, 2022, doi: 10.33479/sb.v3i1.197.
[23] P. Puspitasari, A. Wiraguna, and W. Pangkahila, “Krim ekstrak teh hijau 20% (Camellia sinensis) mencegah peningkatan jumlah melanin sama efektif dengan krim hidrokuinon 4% pada kulit marmut (Cavia porcellus) yang dipajan sinar ultraviolet B,” J. Biomedik, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 101–106, 2017, doi: 10.35790/jbm.9.2.2017.16358.
[24] M. Fan, H. Ding, G. Zhang, X. Hu, and D. Gong, “Relationships of dietary flavonoid structure with its tyrosinase
inhibitory activity and affinity,” Lwt, vol. 107, pp. 25–34, 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.02.076.
[25] D. Susiloningrum and D. E. Mugita Sari, “Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Dan Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Temu Mangga ( Curcuma Mangga Valeton & Zijp ) Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Pelarut,” Cendekia J. Pharm., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 117–127, 2021, doi: 10.31596/cjp.v5i2.148.
Published
2025-04-30
How to Cite
ADRIANTA, Ketut Agus et al.
Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-A exposure.
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA, [S.l.], v. 23, n. 1, p. 113-123, apr. 2025.
ISSN 2614-6495.
Available at: <http://jifi.farmasi.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/jifi/article/view/1639>. Date accessed: 24 may 2025.
doi: https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v23i1.1639.
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