Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-a exposure
Abstract
Indonesia's intense sunlight, especially UVA exposure, can skin hyperpigmentation like
melasma. This study evaluated jackfruit leaf serum (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.) for reducing dark
spots in a UVA-induced melasma guinea pig model. Methods included preparing crude extracts, purifying
jackfruit leaves, and formulating serums (4% and 5% concentrations). Physical quality tests covered
organoleptic evaluation, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity. Anti-hyperpigmentation
efficacy was assessed with Masson Fontana staining on UVA-exposed guinea pigs over 14 days. Results
showed mean values of 17.97±1.68 (negative control), 1.17±0.28 (positive control), 3.56±2.77 (4% serum),
and 2.56±1.25 (5% serum). Fibroblast and epidermal hyperplasia were reduced, with means of 44.84 µm
and 42.67 cells (4% serum), and 72.66 µm and 54.67 cells (5% serum). Jackfruit leaf serum, rich in
flavonoids, effectively treated melasma dark spots with minimal side effects. Conclusion, Artocarpus
heterophyllus Lamk. serum proves effective against hyperpigmentation.
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