Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-a exposure

  • Ida Ayu Dwi Putri Mas Tiari Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ni Putu Kania Mardiyanti Putri Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ni Luh Setia Marliani Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ni Made Elma Agustini Sari Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Julia Eva Malelak Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
  • Ketut Agus Adrianta Bachelor of Pharmacy Program, Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar, Bali, 80233, Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v23i1.1639

Abstract

Indonesia's high UV-A exposure significantly contributes to skin hyperpigmentation conditions such as melasma. This study investigated the effectiveness of Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)  leaf serum in reducing dark spots in a guinea pig model of melasma induced by UV-A radiation. Crude extracts were prepared and purified from Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)  leaves, then formulated into serums at 4% and 5% concentrations. These formulations underwent physical quality evaluations, including organoleptic properties, pH, homogeneity, spread ability, adhesion, and viscosity. Anti-hyperpigmentation effects were assessed using Masson Fontana staining on UV-A-exposed guinea pigs treated for 14 days. The results demonstrated a reduction in melanin content, with mean values of 17.97±1.68 (negative control), 1.17±0.28 (positive control), 3.56±2.77 (4% serum), and 2.56±1.25 (5% serum). Histological analysis showed that fibroblast proliferation and epidermal hyperplasia were significantly reduced with serum treatment. These effects are attributed to the flavonoid content in Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)  leaves, which exhibit antioxidant and anti-melanogenesis properties. In conclusion, Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk.)  leaf serum, particularly at 5% concentration, is effective in reducing melasma-related hyperpigmentation and may offer a safer alternative to synthetic treatments.

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Published
2025-04-30
How to Cite
MAS TIARI, Ida Ayu Dwi Putri et al. Effectiveness of Artocarpus heterophyllus lamk. serum in eliminating dark spot in the guinea pig melasma model due to UV-a exposure. JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA, [S.l.], v. 23, n. 1, p. 111-122, apr. 2025. ISSN 2614-6495. Available at: <http://jifi.farmasi.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/jifi/article/view/1639>. Date accessed: 24 july 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v23i1.1639.
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