Synthesis of 3-0-Benzylstentorin Analog as Precursor for the Basic Skeleton of Blepharismin

  • TENI ERNAWATI LEMBAGA ILMU PENGETAHUAN INDONESIA
  • YOSHINOSUKE USUKI FACULTY OF SCIENCE OSAKA CITY UNIVERSITY
  • HIDEO IIO FACULTY OF SCIENCE OSAKA CITY UNIVERSITY

Abstract

A Method for the synthesis of precursor for the basic skeleton of blepharismin and structural analog was described. Such compound is identified as potential drug for the treatment of antiviral and photodynamic therapy. Benzyl stentorin analog as the basic skeleton of blepharismin was effectively synthesized via reaction one of hydroxyl groups in bianthraquinone derivative with p-methoxybenzylchloride in the presence of potassium carbonate as base. Dimerization of bromo anthraquinone derivative produced dimmer in 55% while the formation of compounds analogous of 3-0-benzylstentorin resulted in 70% yield.

References

1. Giese AC. Blepharisma: The Biology of a Light-Sensitive Protozoan. Palo Alto: Stanford University Press; 1973.

2. Matsuoka T, Watanabe Y, SagaraY, Takayanagi M, Kato. Additional evidence for blepharismin photoreceptor pigment mediating step-up photophobic response of unicellular organism, Blepharisma. Photochem Photobiol. 1995. 62: 190-93.

3. Federico , B; Piero, S; Miyake, A. Defense of pigmentocyts in the karyorelictid ciliate Loxodes striatus. V Eur J Protistol. 2005. 41 :15 1-8.

4. Terazima NM, Iio H, and Harumoto T. Toxic and Phototoxic Properties of the Protozoan Pigments Blepharismin and Oxyblepharismin. Photochemistry and Photobiology. 1999. 69:47-54.

5. Dolmans DEJGJ, Fukumura D, Jain RK. Photodynamic therapy for cancer. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2003. 3(5):380-7.

6. Wilson BC. Photodynamic therapy for cancer: Principles. Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology. 2002. 16(6):393-6.

7. Vrouenraets MB, Visser GWM, Snow GB, van Dongen GAMS. Bafsic principles, applications in oncology and improved selectivity of photodynamic therapy. Anticancer Research. 2003. 23:505-22.

8. Dougherty TJ, Gomer CJ, Henderson BW, et al. Photodynamic therapy. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. 1998. 90(12):889-905.

9. Dickson EFG, Goyan RL, Pottier RH. New directions in photodynamic therapy. Cellular and Molecular Biology. 2003. 48(8):939-54.

10. Miyake A, Harumoto T, and Iio H. Defense function of pigment granules in Stentor coeruleus. Europ J Protistol. 2001. 37:77-88.

11. Uruma Y, Sakamoto K, Takumi K, Doe M, Usuki Y, Iio H. Assignment of 13C NMR spectrum of Blepharismin C based on biosynthetic studies. Tetrahedron. 2007. 63:5548-53.

12. Yoshioka K, Tominaga S, Uruma Y, Usuki Y, Iio H. Starter units of the biosynthesis of blepharismin: self-defense pigments of Blepharisma japonicum. Tetrahedron. 2008. 64:4103-7.

13. Tisserand S, Baati R, Nicholas M, Mioskowski C. Expedient Total Syntheses of Rhein and Diarchein via Fries Rearrangement. J Org Chem. 2004. 69:8982-3.

14. Koch K, Podlech J, Pfeiffer E, Metzler M. Total Synthesis of Alternariol. J Org Chem. 2005. 70:3275-6.

15. Tokoroyama T, Iio H, Zenfuku K. A Facile Synthesis of Stentorin, the Photoreceptor of Stentor coeruleus. Tetrahedron lett. 1995. 36:5921-4.
Published
2012-04-30
How to Cite
ERNAWATI, TENI; USUKI, YOSHINOSUKE; IIO, HIDEO. Synthesis of 3-0-Benzylstentorin Analog as Precursor for the Basic Skeleton of Blepharismin. JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA, [S.l.], v. 10, n. 1, p. 8-12, apr. 2012. ISSN 2614-6495. Available at: <http://jifi.farmasi.univpancasila.ac.id/index.php/jifi/article/view/270>. Date accessed: 03 july 2024.
Citation Formats
Issue
Vol 10 No 1 (2012): JIFI
Section
Articles
License

Licencing
All articles in Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia are an open-access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium.

This licence applies to Author(s) and Public Reader means that the users mays :

  • SHARE:
    copy and redistribute the article in any medium or format
  • ADAPT:
    remix, transform, and build upon the article (eg.: to produce a new research work and, possibly, a new publication)
  • ALIKE:
    If you remix, transform, or build upon the article, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
  • NO ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS:
    You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

It does however mean that when you use it you must:

  • ATTRIBUTION: You must give appropriate credit to both the Author(s) and the journal, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

You may not:

  • NONCOMMERCIAL: You may not use the article for commercial purposes.

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.