Uji Sitotoksisitas Fraksi Aktif dan Senyawa Murninya yang Dihasilkan oleh Kapang Endoiit Tanaman Obat dari Lombok Timur terhadap Sel MCF-7
Abstrak
Telah dilakukan penapisan toksisitas 36 fungi endofit dari tanaman obat berasal dari Lombok Timur. Isolat dikultivasi pada 100 mL medium potato dextrose yeast extract dalam Erlenmeyer 250 mL, suhu 28°C dan kecepatan pengocokan 150 rpm selama 10 hari. Kaldu fermentasi diekstrak menggunakan butanol, etil asetat dan dikhloromethan. Ekstrak dipekatkan menggunakan konsentrator vakum, diuji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap larva Artemia salina menggunakan metode BSLT. Penapisan pertama pada konsentrasi 100 mg/L diperoleh 9 ekstrak aktif dari 108 ekstrak uji. Penapisan lanjutan berdasarkan LC50 menunjukkan bahwa yang paling aktif adalah ekstrak etil asetat dari kapang endofit ENLT 74.3d.2 dengan LC50 30,21 mg/L. Fungus ini diisolasi dari tanarnan Cibotium barometz, dan dideskripsikan sebagai Curvularia lunata. Ekstrak teraktif difraksinasi menggunakan kolom silica gel 60 dan dielusi secara gradien bertahap menggunakan heksan, etil asetat, dan metanol. Pengujian fraksi fraksi menunjukkan bahwa fraksi etil asetat adalah fraksi teraktif dengan LC 50 = 4,69 mg/L. Senyawa aktif dimurnikan menggunakan kromatograii cair kinerja tinggi dengan fasa diam C18 dan fasa gerak asetonitril air secara gradien 15%-100% dalam 25 menit. Senyawa aktifmempunyai waktu retensi 14-16 menit dan serapan maskimum pada λ = 233 nm dan pada konsentrasi konsentrasi 5 mg/L. mampu menghambat 28% proliferasi sel MCF-7.
Referensi
2. Pramono E. The Commercial Use of Traditional Knowledge and Medicinal Plants in Indonesia. Multi Stake Holder Dialogue on Trade, Intelectual Property and Biological Resources in Asia. Brajendarapur: BRAC Center for Development Management; 2002. 1-13.
3. Jasril, Lajis NH, Mooi LY, Abdullah MA, Sukari MA, AlinAM. Antitumor promoting and antioxidant activities of antraquinones isolated from the cell suspension culture of Morinda elliptica. AsPac J Mol Biol Biotechnol. 2003. 11(1):3-7.
4. Radji M, Sumiati A, Indani N. Uji mutagenitas dan anti kanker ekstrak aseton dan n-heksana dari kulit batang sesoot (Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq). Majalah Ilmu Kefarmasian. 2004. 1(2):69-78.
5. Arung ET, Wicaksono BD, Handoko YA, Kusuma IW, Yulia D, Sandra F. Anti-Cancer Properties of Diethylether Extract of Wood from Sukun (Artocarpus altilis) in Human Breast Cancer (T47D) Cells. Tropic J Pharmaceut Research. 2009. 8(4):317-24.
6. Strobel GA, Daisy B. Bioprospecting for Microbial Endophytes and Their Natural Product. Microbiol Molec Biol Rev. 2003. 67(4):491-502.
7. Rhee S, Kitchener D, Brown T, Merrill R, Dilts R, Tighe S. Report in Biodiversity and Tropical Forest in Indonesia. Jakarta:Usaid Indonesia; 2004. 3-77-3-90.
8. McLaughlin, JL., Rogers LL, Anderson JE. The use of biological assays to evaluate the botanicals. Drug Inform J. 1998. 12:19-25.
9. Tomita F. Endophytes in Southeast Asia and Japan: their taxonomic and potential applications. Fungal Diversity. 2003. 14:187-204.
10. Vlietinck AJ, Apers S. Biological screening methods in the search for pharmacologically active natural products. Di dalam: Tringali C, editor. Bioactive compounds from natural sources. Isolation, characterization and biological properties. New York. Taylor & Francis. 2001. 1-29.
11. Meyer BN, Ferrigni NR, Putnam JE, Jacobsen LB, Nichols DE, McLaughlin JL. Brine Shrimp: A Convininet General Bioassay for Active Plant Constituents. J Plant Medic. 1982. 45:31-4.
12. Amara AA, El-Masry MH, Bogdady HH. Plant crude extracts could be the solution: extracts showing in vivo antitumorigenic activity. Pak. J Pharm Sci. 2008. 21(2):159-7l.
13. Kumala S, Utji R, Sudarmono P, Kardono LBS. Isolation of endophytic fungi from Brucea javanica L. (Merr) and cytotoxic evaluation of their n-butanol Extract from fermentation broth. Pakistan J Biolog. 2006. 9(5):825-32.
14. Teles HL, Silva GH, Castro-Gamboa 1, da Silva Bolzani V, Pereira JO, et a1. Benzopyrans from Curvularia Sp. and endophyitic fungus associated with 0cotea corymbisa (Lauraceae). Phytochem. 2005. 66:2363-7.
15. Guimaraes DO, Borges WS, Kawano CY, Ribeiro PH, Goldman GH, Nomizo A., et al. Biological Activities from Extract of Endophytic Fungi isolated from Viguera arenaria and Tithonia diversifolia. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2008. 52:134-44.
16. Qin JC, Zhang YM, Gao JM, Bai MS, Yang SX, Laatsch H, Zhang AL. Bioactive metabolite produced by Chaetomium globosum, and endophytic fungus isolated from Ginkgo biloba. Biorg Medcin Chem Let. 2009. 19:1572-74.
17. Yang, X., Qi W, Yang SH, Yanjing J. Cibotium barometz Studies on the chemical constituents. Nat Prod Res Develpt. 2007. 19(2):302240-43.
18. Zaremberg, V, Gajate C, Cacharro LM, Mollinedo F, McMaster CR. Cytotoxicity of an Anti-cancer Lysophospholipid through Selective Modification of Lipid Raft Composition. J Bio Chem. 2005. 280 (45):38047-58.
19. Watanabe, Pictorial Atlas of Soil and Seed Fungi : Morphologies of Cultured Fungi and key to Species. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2002. 237.
20. Kharwar, RN., Verma VC, Strobel G, Ezra D. The Endophytic Fungal Complex of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. Curr Sci. 2008. 2:228-33.
21. Verma, VC and Kharwar RN. Efficacy of Neem Leaf Extract gaints It’s Own Fungal Endophyte Curvularia lunata. J Agr Tech. 2006. 2(2):329-35.
22. Wijeratne EMK, Turbyville TJ, Fritz A, Whitesell L, Gunatilaka AAL. A new dihydroxanthenone from a plant-associated strain of the fungus Chaetomium globosum demonstrates anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem. 2008. 14(23):7917-23.
23. Zhan J, Wijeratne EMK , Seliga CJ, Zhang J, Pierson EE , Pierson LS, et a1. ANew Anthraquinone and Cytotoxic Curvularins of a Penicillium sp. from the Rizhosphere of Fallugia paradoxa of the Sonoran Desert. J Antibiot 2004. 57(5):341-4.
Licencing
All articles in Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia are an open-access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted non-commercial used, distribution and reproduction in any medium.
This licence applies to Author(s) and Public Reader means that the users mays :
- SHARE:
copy and redistribute the article in any medium or format - ADAPT:
remix, transform, and build upon the article (eg.: to produce a new research work and, possibly, a new publication) - ALIKE:
If you remix, transform, or build upon the article, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original. - NO ADDITIONAL RESTRICTIONS:
You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
It does however mean that when you use it you must:
- ATTRIBUTION: You must give appropriate credit to both the Author(s) and the journal, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
You may not:
- NONCOMMERCIAL: You may not use the article for commercial purposes.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
