Uji Aktivitas Isoflavon Tempe terhadap Penghambatan Enzim α-Glukosidase dan Pengaruhnya pada Tikus Hiperglikemik
Abstrak
Isoflavon adalah senyawa bioaktif pada tempe yang dilaporkan mempunyai efek positif terhadap kesehatan, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas penghambatan enzim α-glukosidase oleh isoflavon tempe secara in vitro dan efek antihiperglikemik in vivo pada tikus putih hiperglikemia. Uji aktivitas in vitro daya hambat isoflavon tempe terhadap enzim α-glukosidase menggunakan metode spektrofotometri, sementara evaluasi in vivo menggunakan tikus dalam keadaan hiperglikemik_ Penelitian ini menggunakan 35 ekor tikus putih jantan galur Spraque Dawley berumur dua bulan. Tikus dibagi menjadi tujuh kelompok perlakuan: (1) kelompok kontrol negatif; (2) kelompok kontrol positif hiperglikemia; (3-6) kelompok hiperglikemia dan diberi isoflavon tempe masing-masing dengan dosis 100, 200, 300, dan 400 mg/kg bb per oral; dan (7) kelompok kontrol obat positif diberi obat acarbose 4,5 mg/kg bb. Kadar glukosa darah diukur setiap 0, 30, 60, 120, 180, dan 240 menit setelah perlakuan menggunakan alat Blood Glucose Test Meter GIucoDr Hasil penelitian meriunjukkan bahwa isoflavon tempe mempunyai daya hambat in vitro terhadap aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase dengan inhibisi sebesar 11,89% dan nilai IC50 sebesar 1,4 mg, dan dapat dinyatakan bahwa mekanisme daya hambat ini disebabkan oleh daidzein dan genistein. Uji aktivitas antihiperglikemik isoflavon tempe pada berbagai dosis menunjukkan bahwa pada dosis 400 mg/kg bb mempunyai daya antihiperglikemik.
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